This agreement made pursuant to an item in the act of Congress, entitled "An act making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the Indian Department, and for fulfilling treaty stipulations with various Indian tribes, for the year ending June 30, 1887, and for other purposes," approved May 15, 1886, by John V. Wright, Henry B. Whipple, and Charles F. Larrabee, duly appointed commissioners on the part of the United States, and the Mississippi and other tribes or bands of Chippewa Indians now residing on the White Earth Reservation, in the State of Minnesota, by their chiefs and headmen whose names are hereto subscribed, they being duly authorized to act in the premises, witnesseth that--
Article I.
Whereas the Government of the United States, recognizing the long and continued friendship of the Chippewa Indians in said State, is desirous of providing for said Indians a permanent home where they may line [sic, live] after the manner of white men, and be protected in their rights of property, person, and life; and whereas it is the policy of the Government to remove to and consolidate on the said White Earth Reservation the various tribes and bands of Chippewa Indians now occupying separate reservations in different parts of said State, as follows, to wit: Winnebagoshish, Leech Lake, Cass Lake, Mille Lacs, Fond du Lac, Bois Fort, and Grand Portage, as well, as the White Oak Point, Sandy Lake, Snake River, and other scattered Indians belonging to said tribe not residing on any reservation, therefore to carry out such policy it is now agreed that the said tribes and scattered Indians shall be removed and settled on the lands of said White Earth Reservation as hereinafter provided.
Article II.
Upon the removal of either of the tribes or bands named in the foregoing article the Secretary of the Interior shall, either through the agent at the White Earth agency, or such other person or persons as he may designate, allot to each and every member of such tribe or band, from the unoccupied agricultural (and not pine) land on the White Earth Reservation, lands in severalty as follows: To each head of a family, 160 acres; to each single person over eighteen years of age, 80 acres; to each orphan child under eighteen years of age, 80 acres; and to each other person under eighteen years of age, 40 acres: Provided, That before any allotments shall be made to the Indians removed from other reservations, or to the scattered non-reservation Indians, allotments shall be made in like manner, and in quantity as above provided, to the Indians now occupying the White Earth Reservation, that is to say: To each head of a family, 160 acres; to each single person over eighteen years of age, 80 acres; to each orphan child under eighteen years of age, 80 acres; to each other person under eighteen years of age, 40 acres: Provided, That any Indian to whom a tract of land has been assigned and certificate issued, or who was entitled to receive the same, under the provisions of the seventh article of the treaty with the Chippewas of the Mississipp, proclaimed April 18, 1867, and who has made improvements thereon, shall have the preference right to select the tract or tracts upon which his improvements are situated for allotment under the provisions of this agreement:Provided further, that any Indian who in good faith had at the date of this agreement begun the cultivation of land under the provisions of the seventh article of the treaty aforesaid shall have one year from the date of the ratification of this agreement in which to fulfill the conditions therein specified as to cultivation, and the full quantity of land he would have been entitled to receive by virtue of the labor bestowed thereon shall be allotted to him: Provided further, That all allotments made under the provisions of this agreement shall be selected by the Indians, heads of families selecting for their minor children, and the chief of the band and the white missionary of the church to which the child belongs shall select for each orphan child: And Provided further, That to improve the morals and protect the property of the Indians, hereafter no female of the consolidated tribes shall be allowed to marry any white man, unless before said marriage is solemnized said white man shall give such evidence of his good moral character and character for industry as shall satisfy the agent in charge of the reservation, the white minister in charge of the parish or church on said reservation, and the chief of the band to which the female is attached, that he is a fit person to reside among the Indians. And any marriage contracted or claimed to have been contracted without such evidence shall not entitle the husband to reside on the reservation: Provided further, That no agent, male teacher, physician, interpreter, trader, farmer, carpenter, blacksmith, or other artisan or employee, Indians excepted, shall be employed, appointed, licensed, or permitted to reside within the White Earth Reservation (missionaries excepted) who shall not be married and have a family residing with him at his place of employment or trade within the agency.
Article III.
Upon the approval of the allotments provided for in the preceding article by the Secretary of the Interior, he shall cause patents to issue therefore in the name of the allottees, which patent shall be of the legal effect and declare that the United States does and will hold the lands thus allotted for the period of fifty years, and such further time as the President of the United States may direct, in trust for the sole use and benefit of the Indians to whom such allotment shall have been made, or in case of his decease, of his heirs according to the laws of the States of Minnesota, and that at the expiration of said period the United States will convey the same by patent to said Indians or his heirs, as aforesaid, in fee discharged of said trust and free of all charge or incumbrance whatsoever. And if any conveyance shall be made of the land set apart and allotted, as herein provided, or any contract made touching the same before the expiration of the time above mentioned, such conveyance or contract shall be absolutely null and void: Provided, That the laws of marriage, descent, and partition in force in the said State, shall apply thereto after the first patents therefor have been executed and delivered.
Article IV.
That upon the completion of said allotments and patenting of the lands to said allottees, each and every member of said consolidated tribes shall have the benefit of and be subject to the criminal laws of the State of Minnesota in all offenses the penalty for which is death or imprisonment in the State penitentiary; and said State shall not pass or enforce any law denying any Indian of said consolidated tribes the equal protection of the law.
Article V.
That the residue of lands within said White Earth Reservation, after all allotments have been made, as in this agreement provided, shall be patented to the said consolidated tribes in common, which patent shall be of the legal effect and declare that the United States does and will hold the lands thus patented for the period of fifty years, and such further time as the President of the United States may direct, in trust for the sole use and benefit of the said consolidated tribes, and that at the expiration of said period the United States will convey the same by patent to said consolidated tribes, in fee discharged of said trust and free of all charge of incumbrance whatsoever: Provided, That from residue of lands thus patented to the said consolidated tribes in common, allotments shall be made and patented to each Chippewa Indian child who may be born prior to the expiration of the time during which it is provided that said land shall be held in trust by the United States in quantity and upon the same conditions, restrictions, and limitations as are provided in the preceding articles touching patents to allottees therein mentioned: And provided further,That these patents, when issues, shall override the patent authorized to be issued to the tribe as aforesaid, and shall separate the individual allotments from the lands held in common, which proviso shall be incorporated in the patent issued to the tribe.
Article VI.
It is agreed that where there is not a sufficient quantity of timber on any individual allotment made under this agreement for necessary building and fencing purposes, and for fuel, the person to whom such allotment falls may, under the direction and supervision of the agent, take timber for said purposes from the unallotted lands held by the tribe in common.
Article VII.
Necessary provision shall be made for the retracing and remarking of the lines of the public survey, and for original surveys if needed, within said reservation, to enable the Indians to make their selections of tracts for allotments under this agreement.
Article VIII.
In consideration of the concessions herein made by the Indians of the White Earth Reservation, parties hereto, and to the end that the Indians to be removed and consolidated with them, and settled in their midst, shall not in any sense be an element of demoralization to them, or a burden upon their charity, the United States hereby agrees, in the case of all Indians removing to the White Earth Reservation as contemplated in this agreement, to provide for each family, and for each male Indian over eighteen years of age when he shall in good faith commence the cultivation of his individual allotment, with the intention of residing permanently thereon, a comfortable hewed-log house, 1 cook-stove, 1 yoke of work-oxen, 1 plow, 1 cow, 1 wagon, 1 axe, 1 hoe, 1 spade, 1 hand-rake, 1 scythe, and 1 pitchfork; and also to break 5 acres of land upon the individual allotments of such Indians, and furnish them seed for their first crop. The United States shall also provide the said Indians with subsistence, consisting of a ration for each individual of a pound and a half of beef, or in lieu thereof one-half pound of bacon; one-half pound of flour; one-half pound of corn; and for every hundred rations, 4 pounds of coffee, 8 pounds of sugar, and 3 pounds of beans; or in lieu of said articles the equivalent thereof in the discretion of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
Such rations, or so much thereof as may be necessary, shall be continued until the Indians are able to support themselves, but in no case to exceed two years. Rations shall in all cases be issued to the head of each separate family, and whenever schools have been provided by the Government for said Indians, no rations shall be issued for children between the ages of six and fourteen years (the sick and infirm excepted) unless such children shall regularly attend school.
Whenever the said Indians shall be located upon their individual allotment, rations shall be issued only to the persons and families of those persons who labor (the sick, aged, and infirm excepted), and, as an incentive to industrious habits, the Commissioner of Indian Affairs may provide that such persons be furnished in payment for labor such other necessary articles as are requisite for civilized life.
Industrial and district schools shall be established for the education of all the Indian children on the White Earth Reservation, for which necessary provision shall be made.
In order to successfully carry out the provisions of this article the United States shall furnish such carpenters, farmers, blacksmiths, physicians, and clerks, in addition to those provided by existing treaties, as may be necessary to provide for the welfare of said Indians.
And, it is agreed, that in the employment of farmers, artisans, and laborers, preference shall in all cases be given to the Indians residing on the reservation who are well qualified for such positions.
And in order to equalize as far as possible the benefits resulting from the consolidation, it is further agreed that the United States shall expend a sum of money equal to the cost of the houses, cattle, and agricultural implements above enumerated which may be furnished the Indians from Leech Lake, Lake Winnebagoshish, Bois Fort, Fond du Lac, and Grand Portage Reservations only, in the erection of comfortable houses and the purchase of agricultural implements, work-cattle and cows, for such of the Indians now occupying the White Earth Reservation as may be found to be industrious and in need of such assistance.
Article IX.
The Chippewa Indians, parties hereto, do hereby relinquish and cede to the United States all their right, title, and interest, in and to the lands described in the first clause of the first article (ending with the words "to the place of beginning") of the treaty with the Chippewas of the Mississippi, proclaimed April 18, 1867, and to all lands elsewhere outside the limits of the White Earth Reservation.
And it is agreed on the part of the United States and the Indians parties hereto, that the lands herein mentioned as described in the first clause of the first article of the treaty aforesaid shall (with the consent of the other Indians interested therein) be appraised by three competent commissioners to be appointed by the President of the United States, one of whom shall be selected by the Indians, and sold under direction of the Secretary of the Interior at not less than the appraised value, in tracts or parcels not exceeding 40 acres each, to the highest bidder for cash; the sales to be made upon sealed proposals to be duly invited by public advertisement; and should any of the tracts so to be sold have upon them improvements of any kind which were made by or for the Indians, or for Government purposes, the proposals therefor must state the price for both land and improvements.
Article X.
All moneys arising from the sale of lands under the foregoing section, and from the sale of all the lands belonging to the Indians to be removed to the White Earth Reservation under this agreement, shall (with the consent of the other Indians interested) be deposited in the Treasury of the United States to the credit of the said consolidated tribes of Chippewa Indians, and draw interest at the rate of 5 per cent per annum, which interest shall be expended, annually, under direction of the Secretary of the Interior, for agricultural, mechanical, educational and other purposes which shall best promote the welfare and civilization of the Indians consolidated on the White Earth Reservation. Except as hereinafter provided. And it is agreed that the wishes of the Indians shall be consulted, and governed so far as proper in the expenditure of said interest money.
Article XI.
It is further agreed that the Commissioner of Indian Affairs shall, without unnecessary delay, cause an examination to be made of the books of his Office, and whatever sums of money shall be found to be justly due to the Chippewas of the Mississippi on account of former treaties or agreements, shall be paid to the Indians entitled to receive the same.
Article XII.
It is further understood and agreed that whatever amount of money shall be awarded on account of damages arising from the construction of dams and reservoirs at the headwaters of the Mississippi River, shall be paid injust proportion to the several tribes or bands of Chippewas entitled to receive the same.
Article XIII.
It is hereby understood and agreed that the cost of the removal of the several tribes and bands of Chippewa Indians to the White Earth Reservation, and their subsistence, together with the salaries of the additional carpenters, farmers, blacksmiths, physicians, and clerks, provided for in Article VIII of this agreement, shall be defrayed by the United States not to be reimbursed; and all other expenses incident to the carrying into effect of this agreement, shall be paid by the United States and reimbursed out of the proceeds derived from the sale of lands under this agreement.
Article XIV.
It is further agreed that the Pembina band of Chippewas, now occupying a township of land within the White Earth Reservation, which was purchased for them under authority of the act of Congress approved March 3, 1873, shall be incorporated with the consolidated tribes, and share equally in the benefits of this agreement, and be subject to all its conditions; and it is further agreed that whatever moneys said Pembina band shall hereafter receive for their right or interest in any unceded lands anywhere claimed by them, shall be placed in the Treasury of the United States and become a part of the consolidated funds of said consolidated tribes; and their said township of land shall belong to and be a part of the White Earth Reservation.
Article XV.
The provisions of existing treaties with the Indians, parties hereto, except as herein modified, shall continue in full force.
This agreement shall not be binding upon either party until ratified by Congress.
All interlineations in this agreement were made, interpreted, understood, and agreed to before signing the same.
Dated and signed in open council, at White Earth Agency, Minnesota, August 11, 1886.
Jno. V. Wright.
Henry B. Whipple.
Charles F. Larrabee.
The foregoing articles of agreement, having been fully explained to us in open council, we the undersigned chiefs and headmen of the Mississippi and other tribes and bands of Chippewa Indians of the White Earth Reservation, in the State of Minnesota, do hereby consent and agree to all the stipulations therein contained.
Witness our hands and seals at White Earth Agency, in the State of Minnesota, this 11th day of August, 1886. The following are chiefs of the Mississippi Band:
Wah-Bon-Ah-Quot (his x mark).
Me-Zha-Ke-Ke-Shig (his x mark).
Ignatius Hole-In-The-Day.
Mun-E-Do-Waub (his x mark).
Bay-Kin-Ow-Aush (his x mark).
O-Jib-Way (his x mark).
Wain-Je-Mah Dub (his x mark).
Tay-Cum-E-Ke-Shig (his x mark).
Shab-Aush-King (his x mark).
Kay-Zhe-Waywedung (his x mark).
Nay-Tow-Aush (his x mark).
Say-Cas-E-Gay (his x mark).
O-Muck-Uck-Ence (his x mark).
Mah-Je-Ke-Shig (his x mark).
Way-Me-Gwance (his x mark).
Song-Way-Way (his x mark).
The following are headmen of the Mississippi band:
Ness-Ke-Gwor (his x mark).
Kah-Ge-Gay-Aush (his x mark).
Kah-Ah-Gansindebay (his x mark).
J.J. Enwegahbowh.
Ah-Zheday-Ke-Shigm (his x mark).
Mo-Cuh-Je-Wance (his x mark).
O-De-Ne-Gwor (his x mark).
Say-Git-Toonce (his x mark).
Clement H. Beaulieu (his x mark).
John Coleman.
Mississippi mixed-bloods.
John Beaulieu.
Jno. G. Morrison.
P.H. Beaulieu.
Theo. H. Beaulieu.
Robert Fairbanks.
H.D. McArthur.
Bazille H. Beaulieu.
Alick Roy (his x mark).
Otter Tail Chiefs.
Kay-dug-equwon-ay-aust (his x mark).
Nay-tum-ish-king (his x mark).
Ay-Gas (his x mark).
Pembina Chiefs.
Shay-Shay-way-ge-shig (his x mark).
Kah-ge-way-ge-shig, headman (his x mark).
Kay-bay-cum-igish-king, headman (his x mark).
Ne-she-kay-we-gahbow, headman (his x mark).
Now-ah-ke-gah-bow, headman (his x mark).
Che-kow-e-tah-anst, headman (his x mark).
Ah-she-gaunce, headman (his x mark).
O-kun-de-cun, headman (his x mark).
Ah-be-dub, headman (his x mark).
Charles Saice, headman (his x mark).
Frank Laguier, headman (his x mark).
Paul Villebrun, headman (his x mark).
Antoine Villebrun, headman (his x mark).
J.E. Perrault, headman.
Louis Vivier, headman (his x mark).
Joseph Beaupie, headman (his x mark).
Attest:
T.J. Sheehan.
Aloysius, O.S.B., Priest.
J.A. Gilfillan, Missionary.
G.M. Wing, Clerk of Committee.
Chas. C. Hoyt.
I hereby certify that the foregoing agreement was carefully interpreted and explained by me, and was fully understood by the above-named chiefs and headmen before signing, and that the same was executed by said chiefs and headmen at White Earth Agency, Minnesota, on the 11th day of August, 1886.
P. H. Beaulieu, [SEAL.]
U. S. Interpreter at White Earth Agency, Minnesota.
John Beaulieu, [SEAL.]
Special Interpreter.
The foregoing agreement, made on the 11th day of August, 1886, with the Mississippi and other tribes or bands of the Chippewa Indians residing on the White Earth Reservation, in the State of Minnesota, having been read and fully explained to us in open council, we, the chiefs and headmen of the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands of Chippewa Indians, residing upon the Leech Lake, Lake Winnebagoshish, and Cass Lake Reservations, in said State, do hereby consent and agree to all the stipulations therein contained in any manner touching or affecting the said Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands of Chippewa Indians, and to the plan of consolidation in all its details, as therein set forth; and do further agree and promise to remove to and settle upon the unoccupied agricultural lands of the said White Earth Reservation, as contemplated and provided in said agreement, whenever after the ratification of the same the Secretary of the Interior shall so direct; and we do hereby cede, relinquish, and convey to the United States all our right, title, and interest in and to the lands reserved and set apart for the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands by the treaty of Febraury 22, 1855, and particularly described in an Executive order dated November 4, 1873, as follows, to wit: "Beginning at the mouth of Little Boy River; thence up said river through the first lake to the southern extremity of the second lake on said river; thence in a direct line to the most southern point of Leech Lake, and thence through said lake, so as to include all the islands therein, to the place of beginning"; being the present Leech Lake Reservation; and also to the two other separate tracts reserved and set apart for the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands by the second article of said treaty; and we do hereby agree to the sale of said lands as hereinafter provided.
We do further agree that the moneys arising from the sale of said land shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States, to be used in the manner provided in Article X of said agreement.
Article II.
It is hereby agreed on the part of the United States that the lands described in the foregoing article shall be surveyed, appraised, and classified into timbered and untimbered lands, such appraisement and classification to be made by three competent commissioners to be appointed by the President of the United States, one of whom shall be selected by the Indians, and the said lands, when so surveyed, appraised, and classified shall be sold under direction of the Secretary of the Interior, at not less then the appraised value thereof, to the highest bidder for cash; the sale of all timbered lands to be made upon sealed proposals to be duly invited by public advertisement, and in tracts or parcels not exceeding forty acres each: Provided, That the Secretary of the Interior may dispose of the lands classified as untimbered lands in tracts of one hundred and sixty acres each, upon the following terms as to payment, to wit: one-fourth of the price of said lands to become due and payable in cash, at the date of sale, and the balance thereof in three equal annual payments, with interest on deferred payments at the rate of 5 per centum per annum, but in case of default in either of said deferred payments, the person thus defaulting for a period of sixty days shall forfeit absolutely his right to the tract he has purchased and any payment or payments he may have made, and should any of the tracts so to be sold have upon them improvements of any kind which were made by or for the Indians or for Government purposes, the proposals therefor must state the price for both land and improvements. The sale of lands shall be continued from time to time until all the lands shall have been sold: Provided, That when purchasers of said lands shall have made full payment therefor, the United States shall make good and valid title to the same by patent.
The cost of the survey, appraisement, and sale of said lands shall be paid by the United States and reimbursed out of the proceeds derived from the sale thereof.
Article III.
It is further agreed on the part of the United States, that the Commissioner of Indians Affairs shall, without unnecessary delay, cause an examination to be made of the books of his office, and whatever sums of money shall be found to be justly due to the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands of Chippewa Indians on account of former treaties or agreements shall be paid to the Indians entitled to receive the same.
Article IV.
The United States hereby agrees to pay to the Chippewa Indians parties to this agreement the sum of $150,000, in full satisfaction for losses and damages sustained by them in the construction of dams and reservoirs at the headwaters of the Mississippi River; $100,000 of which sum shall be paid to the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands now residing on the Leech Lake, Lake Winnebagoshish, and Cass Lake Reservations, and the remainder ($50,000) to the Mississippi bands now residing on the White Earth, White Oak Point, and Mille Lacs Reservations, per capita, in cash, in two equal yearly installments.
Article V.
It being the earnest desire of the Chippewa Indians to send a delegation of their people to Washington to consult upon matters which they believe to be for their future welfare, it is hereby agreed that a delegation of not less than twelve of their people shall be permitted to make such visit at the expense of the Government.
Article VI.
The provisions of existing treaties with the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands of Chippewa Indians parties hereto, except as herein modified, shall continue in full force.
This agreement shall not be binding upon either party until ratified by Congress.
All interlineations in this agreement were interpreted, understood, and agreed to before signing the same.
Dated and signed in open council at the old Leech Lake Agency, on the Leech Lake Reservation, Minnesota, September 7th, 1886.
John V. Wright. [SEAL.]
Henry B. Whipple. [SEAL.]
Charles F. Larrabee. [SEAL.]
The foregoing articles of agreement having been fully explained to us in open council, we, the undersigned chiefs and headmen of the Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish bands of Chippewa Indians, in the State of Minnesota, do hereby consent and agree to all the stipulations therein contained.
Witness our hands and seals at the old Leech Lake Agency, on the Leech Lake Reservation, in the State of Minnesota, this 7th day of September, 1886.
Kay-me-won-aush (his x mark), chief.
Ah-wish-to-yah (his x mark).
Kay-kin-ow-ause-king (his x mark), chief.
Show-un-e-ke-shig (his x mark).
O-ke-mah (his x mark), chief.
Ah-ne-me-ke-wont (his x mark).
Way-zou-egwon-abe (his x mark), chief.
Muh-zin-e-ke-shig (his x mark).
O-zou-eke-shig (his x mark), chief.
We-sug (his x mark), headman.
She-now-eke-shig (his x mark), chief.
Ah-wah-see-see (his x mark).
Min-ah-quad (his x mark), chief.
Osh-kah-unge (his x mark).
Tom-bay (his x mark), chief.
Nay-che-wub-e-tung (his x mark).
Kah-gun-ow-aub (his x mark), headman.
O-Jib-waince (his x mark).
Jeeng-wah-nah-quod (his x mark), chief.
O-be-zan-e-ke-shig (his x mark).
May-ow-ah-tah-gay (his x mark), chief.
Augustine bellengep (his x mark).
May-dwa-cumigish-king (his x mark), headman.
Way-zon-e-ko-ny-ay (his x mark).
Sheen-be-go-gwon (his x mark), headman.
Nay-gon-way-we-dung (his x mark).
Wah-we-ya-ke-shig (his x mark), headman.
Joseph weaver (his x mark).
Nay-che-wah-quah-ung (his x mark), headman.
Frederick weaver (his x mark).
Muh-quah-nee-gaunce (his x mark), headman.
Mayn-se-daish-kung (his x mark).
Oke-mah-wah-je-waib (his x mark), headman.
Edward reese.
Ah-ke-wan-zie (his x mark), headman.
Nay-tow-e-ke-shig (his x mark).
Mah-je-gwon-abe (his x mark), headman.
Ne-gon-e-gwon-abe (his x mark).
May-zha-ke-gwon-abe (his x mark), headman.
Pe-dwa-way-ke-shig (his x mark).
Min-o-ke-shig (his x mark), headman.
O-mud-iz (his x mark).
Nauzhe-e-nay-guay (his x mark), headman.
Kay-zhe-bah-o-say (his x mark).
Nim-duh-o-nub (his x mark), headman.
Jim-pay-tumish-kung.
William bunga.
George P. Johnson.
Pay-me-ne-bow (his x mark).
Nub-un-ay-gah-bow (his x mark).
Kay-dug-e-bin-ais.
Henry martin.
Shaw-bo-aunce (his x mark), headman.
Pah-be-dwawe-dung (his x mark), chief.
She-mah-gun-ish (his x mark), headman.
Peter Rache (his x mark).
Paul Aitkin.
Tay-bish-ko-yaush (his x mark).
James Taylor, Jr.
Frank Smith.
John Bungas (his x mark).
May-dwa-gun-o-nind (his x mark).
Kay-bay-ah-bun-dung (his x mark).
Pe-dwa-way-bin-ais (his x mark).
Pay-bah-oom-bee (his x mark).
[?]-Gun (his x mark).
O-mo-die (his x mark).
[?]-Zay (his x mark).
James Bonga.
Ke-wous (his x mark).
James Taylor.
Ke-wa-tah-guh-bow (his x mark).
George Bonga.
Day-wan-e-muk (his x mark).
Paul Bellenger (his x mark).
Besh-a-kum-ig (his x mark).
George Aitkins.
Gawushkoshick (his x mark).
Ne-bid-ay-ke-shig (his x mark).
Enewanukigabow (his x mark).
Joseph Bellenger (his x mark).
De-kaince (his x mark).
Show-un-ah-nah-quod (his x mark), headman.
Kay-gway-dub-e-tung (his x mark).
Paish-ah-cum-ig (his x mark).
Ah-nah-me-ay-gah-bow (his x mark), chief.
Ko-tah-mash (his x mark).
Number of Indians Represented by the Thirteen Chiefs who Signed the Agreement at Leech Lake, September, 1886.
Kay-me-now-aush: 52
Kay-kin-ow-ans-e-kung: 69
O-ke-mah: 55
W ay-zou-e-gwon-abe: 47
O-jow-e-ke-shig: 55
She-now-e-ke-shig: 93
Min-ah-quod: 64
Tom-bay: 53
Jun-quah-nah-quod: 75
May-ow-ah-tah-gay: 32
Paw-be-dwah-ne-dung: 65
May-dwa-cum-igesh-kung: 30
Ah-ke-wan-zee: 31
Total as show by the rolls: 721
Representing themselves: 26
Total: 747
Attest:
C.O. Allen, Physician and Overseer.
T.J. Sheehan, Agent.
J.A. Gilfillan, Missionary.
Aloysius, O.S.B., Priest.
Jno. G. Morrison.
P. H. Beaulieu, U.S. Interpreter.
G.M. Wing, Clerk Com.
I hereby certify that the foregoing agreement was carefully interpreted and explained by me, and was fully understood by the above-named chiefs and headmen, at the old Leech LAke Agency, Minnesota, on the 7th day of September, 1886.
[SEAL.] John Beaulieu,
Special Interpreter.
Witness our hands and seals at Raven’s Pont, on Lake Winnebagoshish, in the State of Minnesota, this 16th day of September, 1886.
Sho-kah-ke-shig (his x mark), chief.
Nay-tah-wegah-bow (his x mark), chief.
Mah-je-aun-e-quabe (his x mark), headman.
Mah-ji-aun-e-quabe (his x mark), headman.
Ann-ji-gwon0abe (his x mark), headman.
Bah-dway-we-dung (his x mark), headman.
O-jib-waince (his x mark), headman.
Nay-tow-aush (his x mark), headman.
Sah-ke-ke-shig (his x mark), headman.
Kow-it-ah-aust (his x mark).
Kay-tum-a-ge-gid (his x mark).
I-een-dub (his x mark).
James fisher.
Nah-gon-ub (his x mark).
Kay-bay-skung (his x mark).
Paul Dejedon (his x mark).
Baptiste Dejedon (his x mark).
Way-mish-o-me-sing (his x mark).
Joseph Dejedon (his x mark).
Way-zru-eco-noya (his x mark), headman.
May-zha-ke-bin-ais (his x mark).
Mah-je-hah-bow (his x mark).
Iah-baince-ish (his x mark).
Way-ke-mah-waun-gay (his x mark), headman.
May-guome-wub (his x mark).
Shay-waub-e-ske-skung (his x mark), headman.
Kay-ge-gay-gah-bow (his x mark).
Nay-ni-e-gwon-abe (his x mark).
Jim (his x mark).
Paish-e-gwon (his x mark).
Ah-be-tup-ah-nah-quow (his x mark).
Oh-wah-ya-guah-aush (his x mark), headman.
Kay-dug-e-gwon-ayauth (his x mark), headman.
Pe-quah-quod-oonce (his x mark), headman.
Way-we-yah-wid (his x mark).
Kow-it-ah-aush (his x mark).
Joseph Wakazoo.
Nay-nah-pege-shig-wabe (his x mark), head brave.
Te-bish-ko-ge-shig (his x mark).
Way-ke-mah-wish-kung (his x mark), head chief Cass Lake band.
Mah-je-ke-shig (his x mark), headman.
Wah-we-ya-cum-igishkung (his x mark), headman.
May-zha-ke-aus-egay (his x mark).
Mon-zo-moo (his x mark), second chief Winnebagoshish band.
Nay-way (his x mark), brave.
May-quom-e-wub (his x mark), chief.
May-mah-je-gwonabe (his x mark).
Attest:
J. A. Gilfillan, Missionary.
John G. Morrison.
G. M. Wing, Clerk Com.
T. J. Sheehan, Agent.
We hereby certify that the foregoing agreement was carefully interpreted and explained by us, and was fully understood by the above-named chiefs and headmen, at Raven’s Point, on the north shore of Lake Winnebagoshish, Minnesota, on the 16th day of September, 1886.
P. H. Beaulieu, U. S. Interpreter.
John Beaulieu, Special Interpreter.
The foregoing articles of agreement with the Mississippi Pillager and Lake Winnebagoshish, and other bands of Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, having been fully explained to us in open council, we, the undersigned, chiefs and headmen of the White Oak Point band of Mississippi Chippewas, do hereby consent and agree to all the stipulations therein contained.
Witness our hands and seals, at White Oak Point, on the Mississippi River, in the State of Minnesota, this 21st day of September, 1886.
Way-mit-igo-zhence (his x mark), head chief.
Ke-way-din (his x mark), chief.
Way-we-zha-muh-je-wabe (his x mark).
George Flat (his x mark), headman.
Te-bish-co-gwon (his x mark).
Ke-che-wa-nun-ne (his x mark).
Kah-gog-e-we-gwon (his x mark).
Ne-bin-ud-ick (his x mark).
I-ah-be-dway-we-dung (his x mark).
I-ah-sin-o-wub (his x mark).
Charles Sash (his x mark), headman.
Sah-guh-ge-way-ge-shig (his x mark).
Wah-bah-se-gay (his x mark), headman.
Ode-ne-gun (his x mark).
Joseph Flat (his x mark).
Charles Chanette (his x mark).
Ah-zhowe-gwon (his x mark).
Kay-kake-woub (his x mark).
Attest:
T. J. Sheehan, Agent.
We hereby certify that the foregoing agreement was carefully interpreted and explained by us, and was fully understood by the above-named chiefs and headmen, at White Oak Point, on the Mississippi River, Minnesota, on the 21st day of September, 1886.
P. H. Beaulieu, U. S. Interpreter.
John Beaulieu, Special Interpreter.
The foregoing articles of agreement with the Mississippi PIllager and Lake Winnebagoshish and other bands of Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, having been fully explained to us in open council, we, the undersigned chiefs and headmen of the Gull Lake and Gull River bands of Mississippi Chippewas, do hereby consent to all the provisions and stipulations therein contained.
Witness our hands and seals at Gull Lake, in the State of Minnesota, this 16th day of October, 1886.
O-din-e-gun (his x mark), chief.
Capitan (his x mark), chief.
Kay-bay-o-nub (his x mark).
O-my-ube-tung (his x mark).
Pe-ko-jeance (his x mark).
Pay-kin-ow-aush (his x mark).
Wah-de-nah (his x mark), chief.
By his three sons, Captain, Kay-bay-o-nub, and Pay-kin-ow-aush, by his direction, he being too old and infirm to be present in the council.
Wah-de-nah (his x mark).
Q-nay-see-good (his x mark).
Wab-on-equay (his x mark).
O-mud-iz (his x mark).
Tuh-wah-aince (his x mark).
Ah-ke-wan-zie (his x mark).
O-bin-way-way-aush (his x mark).
Ah-bid-aush (his x mark).
Quay-quay-cub (his x mark).
Che-woun (his x mark).
Peter roy (his x mark).
Peter brunnette (his x mark).
Joseph roy (his x mark).
Joseph brunnette (his x mark).
Shay-now-ish-kung (his x mark), chief.
Monze (his x mark).
Charley grin (October 24, Saint Paul, Minn.).
Attest:
E. L. Cone,
John Bishop.
I hereby certify that the foregoing agreement was carefully interpreted and explained by me, and was fully understood by the above-named chiefs and headmen, at Gull Lake, in the State of Minnesota, on the 16th day of October, 1886.
John Beaulieu, Special Interpreter.
The following signatures were appended to a copy of the foregoing agreement.
The undersigned not having been present at the council,and the foregoing agreement having been read and explained to us, we fully approve the same and agree thereto.
Witness our hands and seals at Leech Lake Agency, Minnesota, upon the dates opposite our respective names:
May-mis-quon-o-way (his x mark), September 18, 1886.
Joseph Butcher (his x mark), September 18, 1886.
No-din-ah-quum-once (his x mark), chief, September 18, 1886.
May-on-e-gwan-ah (his x mark), September 21, 1886.
Muh-o-tuy (his x mark), September 21, 1886.
Mosh-kin-ay-gah-bon (his x mark), September 21, 1886.
Pe-zheance (his x mark), September 21, 1886.
Ke-nay-ge-zhih (his x mark), October 7, 1886.
Ah-nu-e-gwan-abe (his x mark), October 7, 1886.
Sah-gun-di-gah-ni-ni-ne (his x mark), October 16, 1886.
O-leme-nay-nay-ge-zhih (his x mark), October 25, 1886.
Kay-me-nun-ish-kung (his x mark), October 25, 1886.
Ke-to-wah-cum-I-gwah (his x mark), October 25, 1886.
Ah-ne-me-keance (his x mark), October 27, 1886.
George G. Reese, November 4, 1886.
Nay-ton-ne-way-osh (his x mark), November 6, 1886.
Bay-bah-ne-gah-ne (his x mark), November 8, 1886.
Chay-nuh-ish-kung (his x mark), November 8, 1886.
Frank Colombe (his x mark), November 12, 1886.
Peter Bonga (his x mark), December 21, 1886.
No-din-ah-quun (his x mark), December 21, 1886.
Witnesses as to all the foregoing written names.
C. P. Allen, Overseer.
T. J. Sheehan, Agent.
I certify on honor that I am acquainted with all the written names on the above supplementary agreement, and that they are Leech Lake Indians. The two chiefs, No-din-ah-quam-ance and No-din-ah-quam, represent and are at the head of two bands numbering in all seventy-one Indians, as appears from the rolls filed in the agency office.
P. H. Beaulieu, U. S. Interpreter.
Leech Lake, December 21, 1886.
The following signatures of Mille Lacs Indians to the foregoing agreements were obtained in second council with Mille Lacs band, November 4, 1886.
Ma-in-gosh, second chief.
Wa-goosh.
O-ge-mah-ge-shig.
Me-zhuck-e-bin-ais.
Te-bish-ko-bin-ais.
Pug-o-nay-ge-shig.
Ke-che-no-din.
Ke-cha-kaw-we-tah-say.
O-zhe-ne-ne.
Ke-zhig-gway-se-good.
Nay-gwon-a-beamce.
Now-nuck-quay-gah-bow.
Ma-in-gosh (his x mark), second chief.
Wah-goosh (his x mark).
O-ge-mah-ge-shig (his x mark).
Me-zhuck-e-bin-ais (his x mark).
Te-bish-ko-bin-ais (his x mark).
We, the undersigned Mille Lacs Indians, hereby authorize our relative and chief, Ma-in-gos, to sign our respective names for us to the agreement between the Northwest Indian Commission and the Chippewa Indians, of Minnesota, negotiations authorized by act of Congress approved May 15, 1886.
Pug-o-nay-ge-shig (his x mark).
Ke-che-no-din (his x mark).
Ke-cha-kaw-we-tah-say (his x mark).
O-zhe-ne-ne (his x mark).
Ke-zhig-gway-se-Good (his x mark).
Nay-gwon-a-beance (his x mark).
Now-wuck-quay-gah-bow (his x mark).